fileadmin/content/seminare/soziologie/dokumente/culture-practice-and-europeanization/cpe-vol.4-no.1/seeliger-cpe-2019-vol.4-nr1.pdf
position of dependent wage-labor in classical sociology. In modern capitalist societies, the process of negotiating a price and a (relative precise) return service of work to be done, is (usually) set within the triangle of three actor groups; namely labor, capital and the state. In order to conduct their political representative work, labor (and to some degree also capital) constitute interest [...] increasingly exposed to a de-territorialization of their political reference frame. As one of the central institutional pillars of capitalist economies is the exploitation of dependent workers in the labor
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fileadmin/content/seminare/soziologie/dokumente/culture-practice-and-europeanization/cpe-vol.4-no.1/webster-cpe-2019-vol.4-nr1.pdf
, in his application of Polanyi’s notion of the ‘double movement’ to Europe, writes that “Political action to represent workers’ interests is mainly taking place in the field of collective bargaining [...] played a crucial role in the resolution of the social question after the Second World War in Western Europe. The ‘social question’ was ‘solved’ in part and workers’ demands were met to a certain extent [...] enter into a process of concession bargaining, where workers agree to the re-commoditisation of their labour under the threat of factory closures or lay-offs.” (Webster, Lambert & Be- zuidenhout, 2008
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fileadmin/content/seminare/soziologie/dokumente/culture-practice-and-europeanization/cpe-vol.4-no.1/rea-cpe-2019-vol.4-nr1.pdf
replace the “natural” ecological work that a functioning wetland and watershed might do if properly protected and managed. With this logic in mind, landowners and users can be compensated directly [...] peculiar, state-fabricated commodities like “carbon cred- its” in order to account for and to ultimately reduce greenhouse gas pollution. In theory, these schemes work to reduce emissions—and thereby to [...] broadly at ecologically “embedding” the economy. In particular, €7.9 billion of the €9.6 billion funded domestic and EU-specific climate and en- ergy-related work; the remaining €898 million was funnelled
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fileadmin/content/seminare/soziologie/dokumente/culture-practice-and-europeanization/cpe-vol.4-no.1/bieling-cpe-2019-vol.4-nr1.pdf
are labour, land and money. In the course of the comprehensive transformation of work and everyday life, the traditional ways of life, social ties and values of different social classes are often [...] development, meaning a permanent increase in labour productivity and relative added value. As a result, the forms of production and work organisation changed continuously; social struggles more and more shifted into the factories. The workers' resistance to the increasing con- centration of labour was relatively successful in the era of Fordism. Supported by increased trade union bargaining power, many
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fileadmin/content/seminare/soziologie/dokumente/culture-practice-and-europeanization/cpe-vol.4-no.1/biskamp-cpe-2019-vol.4-nr1.pdf
“the people” as economically inde- pendent small entrepreneurs betrayed by an overbearing tax and welfare state will attract different voters than populists portraying “the people” as workers betrayed [...] migration being of concern different groups will be more likely to oppose it vehemently: labour market insid- ers oppose refugee migration, whereas labour market outsiders oppose work migration [...] highly gendered, requiring great amounts of unpaid reproductive or care work performed disproportionately by women – which is not to say that women do not also perform wage labour. Therefore, this
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