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her mother told her about their success in the laboratory finding a new and unexpected truth about Nature. Even though sometimes their findings in the end turned out to be erroneous. And of course there [...] his experimental findings. However, there was something else that puzzled them, something that seemingly had not been noticed by other researchers: Irene wondered, “If Chadwick’s findings are correct, and [...] (Indicative important points of this story: description of Irene and Frederic’s experiment, experimental findings of Anderson, experimental discovery of Chadwick, how these discoveries have affected their work

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• Joliot-Curie and artificial radioactivity

future tasks to develop the under- standing of the underlying truths that explain our empirical findings. You see, chemistry is not yet finished.” The boy did not seem to be too pleased with this response [...] was about to deliver a lecture to the prestigious Royal Institution, a lecture that condensed the findings of his researches of the last years, re- searches that were triggered by this question the schoolboy [...] that could be composed (or produced by de- composing other substances). Instead, he was trying to find mathematical rules in the chemi- cal reactions that went beyond the recipe ap- proach. The easiest

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• Dalton and the atoms

……………………………………………………… ………………………………………… Activity 4 In the diagram in the following website, please find combinations of compounds in which the law of the multiple proportions is valid. (http://www2.honolulu

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• Dalton and the atoms

future tasks to develop the under- standing of the underlying truths that explain our empirical findings. You see, chemistry is not yet finished.” The boy did not seem to be too pleased with this response [...] was about to deliver a lecture to the prestigious Royal Institution, a lecture that condensed the findings of his researches of the last years, re- searches that were triggered by this question the schoolboy [...] that could be composed (or produced by de- composing other substances). Instead, he was trying to find mathematical rules in the chemi- cal reactions that went beyond the recipe ap- proach. The easiest

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• Dalton and the atoms

used a radium source to project alpha particles at a gold foil mounted on a thin, glass plate and find that about one in twenty-thousand of the alpha particles have their directions changed to such an

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• Rutherford’s Nuclear Atom

have some conceptual problems with your results, they appear to be valid, and I will support your findings in the future.” Joule smiled back, and a feeling of deep satisfaction was in this smile: he knew [...] time, and he knew that after convincing Thomson, other scientists would also start to believe his findings. James Prescott Joule, the owner of a Manchester brewery, succeeded in determining experimentally [...] called by then) and the principle of energy conservation. From the contradiction between Joule’s findings and the established Carnot cycle, scientists – among them William Thomson – developed the concept

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• Scientific Partnership; James Prescott Joule, William Thomson, and the mechanical equivalent of heat.

with this issue. However, Rumford published 1 The background of these experiments was the idea to find out which part of the (visible) spectrum might affect lenses in a telescope in the most significant [...] energy dis- sipation (and in this respect entropy) had been developed, both Joule’s and Carnot’s findings were no longer in contradiction. In some sense, this contradiction together with the growing ac- [...] is relevant for the acceptance of Joule’s work in the British scientific community: Ignoring his findings may in part be explained by the fact that Joule was a brewery owner in Man- chester. Even though

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• Scientific Partnership; James Prescott Joule, William Thomson, and the mechanical equivalent of heat.

her mother told her about their success in the laboratory finding a new and unexpected truth about Nature. Even though sometimes their findings in the end turned out to be erroneous. And of course there [...] his experimental findings. However, there was something else that puzzled them, something that seemingly had not been noticed by other researchers: Irene wondered, “If Chadwick’s findings are correct, and [...] of an electron – this was weird, if not impossible. So what could they do about these experimental find- ings? Q1: Propose how Irene and Frederic may have proceeded with respect to their unusual observation

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• Joliot-Curie and artificial radioactivity

entitled Solar Energy and its Industrial Applications. The book advertised his dream of, in his words, “finding a convenient way to collect and use sunlight directly for the benefit of agriculture and industry

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• Mouchot and the solar cooker

mathematician and physicist. He was a man of enormous imagination. Mouchot was drawn to the idea of finding alternative en- ergy sources, believing that the coal fuel would eventually run out. Thus, he un- [...] (1878). Augustin Mouchot predicted a need for solar en- ergy. "Eventually industry will no longer find in Europe the resources to satisfy its prodigious expan- sion... Coal will undoubtedly be used up [...] the French teacher – Augustin Mouchot started to undertake research on solar energy. The idea of finding new alterna- tive energy sources overwhelmed him. In 1860 he began exploring solar cooking, based

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• Mouchot and the solar cooker