fileadmin/content/abteilungen/developing-countries/dokumente/downloads/alumni/yb-2014-eem-ppre.pdf
size (kW) 0.1 to 0.3 0.15 to 0.5 0.75 to 3.0 0.2 to 0.65 0.15to 0.5 Lifetime 20 years 20 years 20 years 20 years 20 years Tilt angle 0.433 0.433 0.433 0.433 0.433 Azimuth 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Ground reflectance [...] bulb 20 0.9 6 4 2 Fridge 125 0.12 1 1 0 Flat iron 1000 0.17 1 0 0 Radio 50 0.60 1 1 1 Television 70 0.60 1 1 0 Fan 40 0.10 1 1 0 Phone charger 20 0.10 2 1 0 Hot plate 1200 0.20 1 0 0 Kettle 1200 0.20 1 0 [...] 0 0 Table 3: Hours of use Appliance Rural (High) Rural (Middle) Rural (Low) Const. Unconst. Const. Unconst. Const. Unconst. Fan 6 15 5 15 0 0 Flat iron 0.5 0.8 0 0 0 0 Refrigerator 10 14 6 14 0 0 Hotplate
fileadmin/content/abteilungen/industrial/dokumente/downloads/veroeffentlichungen/diskussionsbeitraege/znes-discussionpapers-007-benefit-of-climate-protection.pdf
effect Scenario A Trend scenario In v es tm en t co st Hard coal power plant -107.707 0 107.707 Lignite power plant -67.678 0 67.678 Natural gas power plant 109.165 171.745 62.580 Run-of-the river hydro power [...] Biomass 337.943 625.607 287.664 Funding program for energy efficiency 39.149 39.149 0 Additional consumption 1003.323 1003.323 0 Total employment effect 611.204 7.381.999 6.770.795 The Benefit of Climate Protection [...] estimation. This section enumerates the possible damage for an increase of global temperature by 2 °C to 0.2–2 % of the (presumably global) income (IPCC 2014, p. 19). It is specifically highlighted that these
fileadmin/content/abteilungen/industrial/dokumente/downloads/veroeffentlichungen/diskussionsbeitraege/znes-discussionpapers-008-100ee-mahe.pdf
strong fluctuation in wind energy with some periods of rather low output from wind 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 Average wind speed Mahe airport 1978-2014 in m/sec at 10 m 100% renewable Seychelles [...] costs of 0.827 SCR/kWh or 0.055 €/kWh, which compares favourably to costal sites in northern Germany. The wind speeds taken lead to full load hour equivalents of about 2,600 h/a or a load factor of 0.30, which [...] factor 0.2) (calculations based on SNMS 2016) Figure 3b: Output from 50 MW installed wind capacity for the month of May based on the 2010 wind data from Mahé airport (80m hub height, shear factor 0.2) (